Nonmetallic Inclusions: Origin, Identification, Measurement, and Influence

Nonmetallic inclusions are broadly classified as being indigenous (or endogenous), that is, coming from natural processes, or exogenous, that is, coming from without, as entrapped foreign material. Exogenous inclusions are irregularly distributed and are primarily detected by ultrasonic inspection. Indigenous inclusions occur due to the limited solid solubility for oxygen and sulfur in the solidified steel product. The composition and quantity of the indigenous inclusions can be largely controlled through the nature of the steelmaking process. Controlling inclusions during these processes can be a challenging task without proper knowledge and practice. George Vander Voort, FASM, provides a thorough overview of nonmetallic inclusions. Learn to identify, measure, and influence inclusions in materials and processes, and for quality control. During this webinar, you will learn about: • Examples of exogenous and indigenous inclusions • X-ray dot maps showing the elemental distribution • Examples of inclusion measurements as influenced by melting practice hot working • The influence of inclusions on mechanical properties and service performance Post Presentation: Interactive opportunity for Q&A and further discussion.